The euro was introduced to world financial markets as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, replacing the former European Currency Unit (ECU) at a ratio of 1:1 (US$1.1743 at the time). The name euro was officially adopted on 16 December 1995 in Madrid. As of December 2019, with more than €1.3 trillion in circulation, the euro has one of the highest combined values of banknotes and coins in circulation in the world. The euro is the second-largest reserve currency as well as the second-most traded currency in the world after the United States dollar. Additionally, over 200 million people worldwide use currencies pegged to the euro. Outside Europe, a number of special territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo. This group of states is officially known as the euro area or, commonly, the eurozone, and includes about 344 million citizens as of 2023. The euro ( symbol: € currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 20 of the 27 member states of the European Union.

For other uses, see EUR (disambiguation).ġc, 2c (Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands )

For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation).

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